Laser eye surgery has transformed the way you can correct your vision, offering an alternative to wearing glasses or contact lenses. However, is laser eye surgery dangerous?
In this article, we’ll explore the safety of laser eye surgery, common concerns, and factors that influence outcomes. We’ll also discuss how to minimise risks through careful preoperative examination and choosing a reputable clinic.
If you’re considering laser eye treatment, this guide will offer the insights you need to make an informed decision.
Is Laser Eye Surgery Dangerous?
Laser eye surgery, including LASIK and other refractive surgeries, has been extensively studied and is generally considered okay for suitable candidates. Millions of people worldwide have undergone laser vision correction with successful outcomes. However, as with any medical procedure, surgical procedures carry potential risks, which should be carefully weighed against the benefits.
The key to a successful laser eye surgery procedure lies in multiple factors. With the right approach, many patients experience improved visual acuity with minimal complications.
Understanding The Laser Eye Surgery Procedure
Laser eye surgery involves reshaping the corneal tissue to fix vision problems such as short-sightedness, long-sightedness, and astigmatism. The most common types of eye laser surgery include:
1. LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis)
LASIK is one of the most widely performed laser eye procedures due to its quick recovery time and high success rate. This procedure is particularly popular among those with mild to moderate refractive errors.
How LASIK Works
Next, an excimer laser is used to adjust the shape of the cornea. This step adjusts how light rays enter the eye, correcting your refractive error.
Finally, the corneal flap is repositioned without stitches. The eye naturally heals over the following days.
Most patients notice improved visual acuity within 24 hours, though complete healing can take a few weeks. LASIK suits many patients, but those with thin corneas or underlying eye conditions may be better suited to other procedures.
2. PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy)
PRK is an old type of laser vision correction developed and remains a reliable option for certain patients. It is particularly beneficial for those with thin corneas or those at risk of flap-related complications.
How PRK Works
The corneal epithelium (the cornea’s thin outer layer) is gently removed using a laser. An excimer laser then changes the shape of the corneal tissue to fix the refractive error.
Since no corneal flap is created, the eye heals naturally over the next few weeks as the corneal epithelium regenerates.
While PRK has a longer recovery time than LASIK, it offers similar long-term visual outcomes. Patients typically experience mild discomfort during the healing process, which can be managed with lubricating eye drops and proper post-operative care.
3. SMILE (Small Incision Lenticule Extraction)
SMILE is a newer, less invasive laser eye procedure that provides an alternative to LASIK and PRK. It is particularly effective for treating short-sightedness and astigmatism.
How SMILE Works
A femtosecond laser creates a small, lens-shaped piece of corneal tissue (known as a lenticule) inside the cornea. The lenticule is then carefully removed through a tiny incision, reshaping the cornea without the need for a corneal flap.
One of the main advantages of SMILE is that it preserves more corneal strength compared to LASIK, making it a good option for patients with thinner corneas.
Additionally, since there is no flap creation, the risk of flap-related complications is reduced. Many patients experience minimal discomfort and return to normal activities within a few days.
4. PRESBYOND (Laser-Blended Vision)
For individuals experiencing age-related vision changes (presbyopia), PRESBYOND is a laser treatment designed to improve both near and distance vision. This procedure is often chosen by those who have relied on reading glasses as they age.
How PRESBYOND Works
Using an excimer laser, the surgeon reshapes the cornea to create a customised focus range, allowing the brain to adapt to the difference in vision between both eyes. One eye is optimised for distance vision, while the other is enhanced for near vision.
Over time, the brain naturally adjusts, enabling clear vision at multiple distances.
PRESBYOND is a popular choice for individuals over 40 who wish to reduce their dependence on glasses or contact lenses while maintaining natural vision at all distances.
Each procedure has its advantages, with LASIK being the most widely performed due to its quick recovery time. However, not everyone is a good candidate for laser surgery, making preoperative assessment crucial.
Potential Risks Of Laser Eye Surgery
While laser eye surgery is generally precise, like any surgical procedure, it carries some risks. However, careful preoperative assessments and choosing a reputable clinic can help minimise these risks.
1. Dry Eye Syndrome
Reduced tear production can cause temporary dry eyes. These are usually managed with lubricating eye drops, and most patients notice improvement within a few months.
2. Flap-Related Complications (For LASIK Patients)
For LASIK patients, issues with the corneal flap—such as improper healing or displacement—can occur. Following post-operative care, like avoiding eye rubbing, helps prevent these problems.
3. Under-Correction Or Over-Correction
Some individuals may have a residual refractive error, requiring an enhancement procedure for fine-tuning. A thorough preoperative examination helps reduce this risk.
4. Night Vision Issues
Some patients experience glare, halos, or double vision in low-light conditions. This is often temporary and improves within a few weeks as the eyes heal.
5. Corneal Ectasia
Corneal ectasia involves corneal thinning that can affect vision. Careful screening ensures that those with thin corneas or a family history of corneal diseases are not considered for surgery.
Patients should achieve successful outcomes with minimal risks by choosing an experienced eye surgeon and following post-operative care.
Who Is A Good Candidate For Laser Eye Surgery?
Not everyone is suited for laser vision correction. Ideal candidates typically:
- Are over 18 and have a stable prescription.
- Have healthy corneas without thinning or irregularities.
- Do not have severe dry eye or other underlying eye diseases.
- Have realistic expectations about the results.
Individuals with thin corneas, large pupils, or a family history of corneal disorders may need alternative vision correction options.
How To Minimise Risks
Taking the right precautions can further reduce the risk of complications. Here are some key steps to ensure a smooth procedure and recovery:
1. Choose An Experienced Eye Surgeon
Selecting a highly skilled eye surgeon is essential. A reputable professional will assess your suitability for surgery, discuss potential risks, and guide you through the process with care and expertise.
2. Undergo A Comprehensive Eye Examination
A thorough preoperative assessment helps identify any factors that may affect your surgical outcome. This includes checking for thin corneas, existing eye diseases, or other health conditions that could increase risks.
3. Follow Post-Surgery Care Instructions
- Use topical eye drops as prescribed to prevent dryness and infection.
- Avoid rubbing your eyes, especially in the first few weeks.
- Protect your eyes from dust, bright light rays, and potential irritants.
Taking these precautions can help ensure the best possible visual outcome while minimising potential risks.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Can Laser Eye Surgery Cause Blindness?
Blindness from laser eye surgery is extremely rare. Modern procedures are highly precise, and serious complications are uncommon when performed by an experienced surgeon.
2. Is Laser Eye Surgery Painful?
During the procedure, numbing eye drops are used to keep you comfortable. Some patients may experience minor discomfort during recovery, but this typically subsides within a few days.
3. How Long Does It Take To Recover?
Many patients notice improved vision within a few hours to a few days, with full recovery taking a few weeks. Following post-surgical care instructions ensures the best results.
4. Do I Still Need Glasses After Laser Eye Surgery?
While laser eye surgery corrects refractive error, some individuals may need glasses for reading or night driving as they age. A follow-up visit with your surgeon can help determine if further surgery is needed.
5. What Happens If Laser Eye Surgery Doesn’t Fully Correct My Vision?
In some cases, a residual refractive error may remain, requiring an enhancement procedure to further refine vision. This is typically determined after the eyes have fully healed. A thorough preoperative assessment helps reduce the chances of under or over-correction.
Conclusion
So, is laser eye surgery dangerous? While all surgical procedures carry some level of risk, laser vision correction is considered splendid for suitable candidates. With technological advancements, many people have experienced corrected vision without needing glasses or contact lenses.
If you’ve been considering laser eye surgery, now is the time to explore your options. While the procedure is highly advanced and carefully performed, ensuring you are a good candidate is essential for the best possible outcome. A comprehensive assessment with an experienced eye surgeon can help determine if this life-changing treatment is right for you.
For personalised advice and a professional assessment in Melbourne, schedule a consultation with Dr Edward Roufail today at (03) 9071 0180. Take the first step towards a clearer, more confident future.
Note: Surgical or invasive procedures carry inherent risks. As part of our standard practice, we thoroughly discuss these risks during the consent process before any surgical procedure. Your understanding and comfort are our utmost priority.
Sources
Cleveland Clinic 2023. SMILE Eye Surgery. Cleveland Clinic. Available at: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/25076-smile-eye-surgery [Accessed February 24, 2025]
Felman A 2024. What To Know About Laser Blended Vision. Medical News Today. Available at: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/blended-vision-problems [Accessed February 24, 2025]
Meštrović T 2023. LASIK Complications. News-Medical. Available at: https://www.news-medical.net/health/LASIK-Complications.aspx [Accessed February 24, 2025]
Silver N 2021. What Causes Dry Eyes After LASIK Surgery, and How to Treat Them. Healthline. Available at: https://www.healthline.com/health/dry-eye/dry-eyes-after-lasik [Accessed February 24, 2025]
Suzanne L 2024. LASIK Eye Surgery: Benefits, Risks And Side Effects. Forbes Health. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/health/eye-health/lasik-laser-eye-surgery/ [Accessed February 24, 2025]
